In any community, knowing how to respond in a moment of crisis can improve the chances of positive outcomes. This is especially true when it comes to cardiac arrest, as almost 2200 people a day suffer heart attacks in the US. Statistically, at some point, you will know someone who has one. Across the country, automated external defibrillators—commonly known as AEDs and found in most public buildings—have become an everyday tool in saving lives before professional help arrives. For a Jewish community—one that values pikuach nefesh, the preservation of life—learning how to use an AED is both a practical skill and a reflection of shared responsibility. If you are a reader of my column, you know this is a common theme in my efforts to encourage community training.

My message is timely because more people suffer heart attacks in December and January than at any other time of year. Winter months carry more susceptibility due to cold temperatures and seasonal illnesses, which increase inflammation and cardiovascular strain. Holiday stress and changes in how we eat and consume alcohol are also contributors. Lastly, we tend to exercise less in the winter, and with busy schedules, we often delay medical care. All of this means that you might be a person who needs to use an AED. They are simple to use, and my goal in this article is to add this skill to your toolbox.

An AED is a portable device designed to analyze a person’s heart rhythm and deliver an electric shock if needed. AEDs are intentionally built for everyday people who may find themselves in a moment where a quick response matters. Many synagogues, community centers, and schools in Portland already have AEDs installed. As you visit the spaces you frequent, take a moment to identify where the AEDs are located.

The first step in using an AED is to recognize when it’s needed. If someone collapses, is unresponsive, and is not breathing normally—or is only gasping—they may be experiencing a cardiac arrest. Call 911 right away or direct someone else to do so. 911 will also help you navigate this scenario.

Next, begin CPR if you are able: push hard and fast in the center of the chest at a quick pace. While CPR keeps blood flowing, the AED addresses the underlying heart rhythm problem. Have another person bring the AED if one is available nearby. Most devices are stored in clearly marked cabinets in hallways, lobbies, or near gathering spaces. Some have alarms that will alert when the cabinet is opened.

When you open an AED and turn it on, a voice will tell you what to do. The device will guide you step-by-step. They are very “idiot-proof”! You will want to expose the person’s chest area and attach the adhesive pads as shown on the diagrams, usually on the pads (see image). The AED will then analyze the heart rhythm automatically and will tell you if you need to press a button or not. Make sure no one is touching the person during the shock. After the shock—or if no shock is advised—continue CPR until emergency responders arrive and take over.

Using an AED is an important skill. First, early defibrillation dramatically increases survival rates. For every minute without CPR or defibrillation, the chances of survival drop significantly. In a community setting where help may be minutes away, bystanders become the first line of response.

Second, learning AED skills strengthens community resilience. When members of communities are equipped with this knowledge, it reflects a shared commitment to mutual care and having trained individuals nearby increases safety for everyone.

As with all training, becoming familiar with AEDs helps reduce fear. Many people hesitate because they worry about doing something wrong. Yet AEDs are designed to be easy to use and prevent further injury to the victim; they will not deliver a shock unless it is medically necessary.

Learning to use an AED is more than a technical skill—it is an act of responsibility and compassion. Please take time to understand these devices so our community continues the values of caring, preparedness, and safeguarding life. Empowered with knowledge, any one of us could become the person who saves a life when it matters most.